{"id":494,"date":"2023-03-17T16:58:18","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T16:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/?post_type=chapter&p=494"},"modified":"2023-03-22T16:30:13","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T16:30:13","slug":"eukaryotic-translation-elongation-termination","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/chapter\/eukaryotic-translation-elongation-termination\/","title":{"raw":"Eukaryotic Translation-Elongation & Termination","rendered":"Eukaryotic Translation-Elongation & Termination"},"content":{"raw":"
The sequence of steps in the process of elongation are :<\/div>\r\n
<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Movement of ribosome to next codon<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Incoming aminoacyl tRNA brought to the ribosome by eEF-1\u03b1- GTP.<\/div>\r\n
\u2022GTP hydrolysed<\/div>\r\n
\u2022eEF-1\u03b1- GDP- complex dissociates<\/div>\r\n
\u2022GDP\/ GTP exchange for additional translocations.( carried out by eEF-1 \u03b2\u03b3).<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Peptide in ribosome P-site transferred to aminoacyl-tRNA in A site.<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Reaction\u00a0 called Transpeptidation ; catalysed by peptidyl transferase.<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Peptidyl tRNA movement from A site to P site called \u2013Translocation. Catalyzed by eEF-2: coupled to GTP hydrolysis<\/div>\r\n
\u2022In the process of translocation- Ribosome moved to next codon\u00a0 of mRNA\u00a0 resides in the A site.<\/div>\r\n
\u2022eEF-2 released. Cycle begins again.<\/div>\r\n

Regulation<\/h1>\r\n
\r\n
\u2022Ability of eEF-2 to carry out translocation is regulated by state of Phosphorylation<\/div>\r\n
\u2022When phosphorylated enzyme is inhibited<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Phosphorylation catalyzed by eEF2Kinase (eEF2K).<\/div>\r\n
\u2022eEF2K activated by calcium.<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Phosphorylation of eEF2K by mTOR- master metabolic regulatory Kinase \u2013 inactivates eEF2K<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Termination<\/h1>\r\n
\r\n
\r\n
\u2022Requires releasing factors \u2013 eRFs<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Termination signal \u2013 UAG, UAA and UGA<\/div>\r\n
\u2022eRF binds to A site\u00a0 along\u00a0 with GTP<\/div>\r\n
\u2022This binding stimulates peptidyl transferase activity to transfer the peptidyl group to water<\/div>\r\n
\u2022Uncharged t RNA left in p site expelled\u00a0 with GTP hydolysis<\/div>\r\n
\u202280S complex dissociates<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
The sequence of steps in the process of elongation are :<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u2022Movement of ribosome to next codon<\/div>\n
\u2022Incoming aminoacyl tRNA brought to the ribosome by eEF-1\u03b1- GTP.<\/div>\n
\u2022GTP hydrolysed<\/div>\n
\u2022eEF-1\u03b1- GDP- complex dissociates<\/div>\n
\u2022GDP\/ GTP exchange for additional translocations.( carried out by eEF-1 \u03b2\u03b3).<\/div>\n
\u2022Peptide in ribosome P-site transferred to aminoacyl-tRNA in A site.<\/div>\n
\u2022Reaction\u00a0 called Transpeptidation ; catalysed by peptidyl transferase.<\/div>\n
\u2022Peptidyl tRNA movement from A site to P site called \u2013Translocation. Catalyzed by eEF-2: coupled to GTP hydrolysis<\/div>\n
\u2022In the process of translocation- Ribosome moved to next codon\u00a0 of mRNA\u00a0 resides in the A site.<\/div>\n
\u2022eEF-2 released. Cycle begins again.<\/div>\n

Regulation<\/h1>\n
\n
\u2022Ability of eEF-2 to carry out translocation is regulated by state of Phosphorylation<\/div>\n
\u2022When phosphorylated enzyme is inhibited<\/div>\n
\u2022Phosphorylation catalyzed by eEF2Kinase (eEF2K).<\/div>\n
\u2022eEF2K activated by calcium.<\/div>\n
\u2022Phosphorylation of eEF2K by mTOR- master metabolic regulatory Kinase \u2013 inactivates eEF2K<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Termination<\/h1>\n
\n
\n
\u2022Requires releasing factors \u2013 eRFs<\/div>\n
\u2022Termination signal \u2013 UAG, UAA and UGA<\/div>\n
\u2022eRF binds to A site\u00a0 along\u00a0 with GTP<\/div>\n
\u2022This binding stimulates peptidyl transferase activity to transfer the peptidyl group to water<\/div>\n
\u2022Uncharged t RNA left in p site expelled\u00a0 with GTP hydolysis<\/div>\n
\u202280S complex dissociates<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"menu_order":21,"template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Eukaryotic Translation-Elongation & Termination","pb_subtitle":"Eukaryotic Translation-Elongation & Termination","pb_authors":["dr-v-malathi"],"pb_section_license":"cc-by-sa"},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[61],"license":[54],"class_list":["post-494","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-dr-v-malathi","license-cc-by-sa"],"aioseo_notices":[],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":498,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/revisions\/498"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=494"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=494"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/understanding-gene-regulation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}