{"id":108,"date":"2024-02-28T16:52:46","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T16:52:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/interactive-biology-secondary\/?post_type=chapter&p=108"},"modified":"2024-11-30T05:29:09","modified_gmt":"2024-11-30T05:29:09","slug":"108","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.justwrite.in\/interactive-biology-secondary\/chapter\/108\/","title":{"raw":"1.2.a.Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and Their Functions","rendered":"1.2.a.Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and Their Functions"},"content":{"raw":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Components of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and Their Functions<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cell Component<\/th>\r\nFunction<\/th>\r\nPresent in Prokaryotes?<\/th>\r\nPresent in Animal Cells?<\/th>\r\nPresent in Plant Cells?<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Plasma membrane<\/td>\r\nSeparates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen, and wastes into and out of the cell<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cytoplasm<\/td>\r\nProvides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in which organelles are found<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Nucleoid<\/td>\r\nLocation of DNA<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Nucleus<\/td>\r\nCell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and proteins<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ribosomes<\/td>\r\nProtein synthesis<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Mitochondria<\/td>\r\nATP production\/cellular respiration<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Peroxisomes<\/td>\r\nOxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifies poisons<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Vesicles and vacuoles<\/td>\r\nStorage and transport; digestive function in plant cells<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Centrosome<\/td>\r\nUnspecified role in cell division in animal cells; source of microtubules in animal cells<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lysosomes<\/td>\r\nDigestion of macromolecules; recycling of worn-out organelles<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cell wall<\/td>\r\nProtection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape<\/td>\r\nYes, primarily peptidoglycan in bacteria but not Archaea<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes, primarily cellulose<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Chloroplasts<\/td>\r\nPhotosynthesis<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Endoplasmic reticulum<\/td>\r\nModifies proteins and synthesizes lipids<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Golgi apparatus<\/td>\r\nModifies, sorts, tags, packages, and distributes lipids and proteins<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cytoskeleton<\/td>\r\nMaintains cell\u2019s shape, secures organelles in specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move independently<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\nYes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Flagella<\/td>\r\nCellular locomotion<\/td>\r\nSome<\/td>\r\nSome<\/td>\r\nNo, except for some plant sperm.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cilia<\/td>\r\nCellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane, and filtration<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\nSome<\/td>\r\nNo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nSource :Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell<\/a>\r\n

Test your understanding<\/h2>\r\n[h5p id=\"16\"]<\/span>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"45\"]<\/span>\r\n\r\n ","rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Components of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and Their Functions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Cell Component<\/th>\nFunction<\/th>\nPresent in Prokaryotes?<\/th>\nPresent in Animal Cells?<\/th>\nPresent in Plant Cells?<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Plasma membrane<\/td>\nSeparates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen, and wastes into and out of the cell<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cytoplasm<\/td>\nProvides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in which organelles are found<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nucleoid<\/td>\nLocation of DNA<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nucleus<\/td>\nCell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and proteins<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ribosomes<\/td>\nProtein synthesis<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mitochondria<\/td>\nATP production\/cellular respiration<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Peroxisomes<\/td>\nOxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifies poisons<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vesicles and vacuoles<\/td>\nStorage and transport; digestive function in plant cells<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Centrosome<\/td>\nUnspecified role in cell division in animal cells; source of microtubules in animal cells<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lysosomes<\/td>\nDigestion of macromolecules; recycling of worn-out organelles<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cell wall<\/td>\nProtection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape<\/td>\nYes, primarily peptidoglycan in bacteria but not Archaea<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes, primarily cellulose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chloroplasts<\/td>\nPhotosynthesis<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endoplasmic reticulum<\/td>\nModifies proteins and synthesizes lipids<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Golgi apparatus<\/td>\nModifies, sorts, tags, packages, and distributes lipids and proteins<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cytoskeleton<\/td>\nMaintains cell\u2019s shape, secures organelles in specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move independently<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flagella<\/td>\nCellular locomotion<\/td>\nSome<\/td>\nSome<\/td>\nNo, except for some plant sperm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cilia<\/td>\nCellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane, and filtration<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nSome<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Source :Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell<\/a><\/p>\n

Test your understanding<\/h2>\n

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